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Date: 08/20/2025

Farmers, Ranchers, and Other Agricultural Managers

Plan, direct, or coordinate the management or operation of farms, ranches, greenhouses, aquacultural operations, nurseries, timber tracts, or other agricultural establishments. May hire, train, and supervise farm workers or contract for services to carry out the day-to-day activities of the managed operation. May engage in or supervise planting, cultivating, harvesting, and financial and marketing activities.

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    Work Activities

    Work Activities

    • Coordinate clerical, record-keeping, inventory, requisitioning, and marketing activities.
    • Analyze market conditions to determine acreage allocations.
    • Determine how to allocate resources and to respond to unanticipated problems, such as insect infestation, drought, and fire.
    • Position and regulate plant irrigation systems, and program environmental and irrigation control computers.
    • Coordinate clerical, record-keeping, inventory, requisitioning, and marketing activities.
    • Collect and record growth, production, and environmental data.
    • Manage nurseries that grow horticultural plants for sale to trade or retail customers, for display or exhibition, or for research.
    • Coordinate the selection and maintenance of brood stock.
    • Negotiate with buyers for the sale, storage, or shipment of crops or livestock.
    • Replace chemical insecticides with environmentally friendly practices, such as adding pest-repelling plants to fields.
    • Prepare reports required by state and federal laws.
    • Direct and monitor the transfer of mature fish to lakes, ponds, streams, or commercial tanks.
    • Coordinate clerical, record-keeping, inventory, requisitioning, and marketing activities.
    • Analyze soil to determine types or quantities of fertilizer required for maximum crop production.
    • Determine how to allocate resources and to respond to unanticipated problems, such as insect infestation, drought, and fire.
    • Determine plant growing conditions, such as greenhouses, hydroponics, or natural settings, and set planting and care schedules.
    • Maintain financial, operational, production, or employment records for farms or ranches.
    • Supervise the construction of farm or ranch structures, such as buildings, fences, drainage systems, wells, or roads.
    • Prepare reports required by state and federal laws.
    • Collect and record growth, production, and environmental data.
    • Direct and monitor trapping and spawning of fish, egg incubation, and fry rearing, applying knowledge of management and fish culturing techniques.
    • Devise and participate in activities to improve fish hatching and growth rates, and to prevent disease in hatcheries.
    • Maintain financial, operational, production, or employment records for farms or ranches.
    • Determine how to allocate resources and to respond to unanticipated problems, such as insect infestation, drought, and fire.
    • Direct the breeding or raising of stock, such as cattle, poultry, or honeybees, using recognized breeding practices to ensure stock improvement.
    • Inspect facilities and equipment for signs of disrepair, and perform necessary maintenance work.
    • Negotiate with buyers for the sale, storage, or shipment of crops or livestock.
    • Provide information to customers on the care of trees, shrubs, flowers, plants, and lawns.
    • Inspect facilities and equipment for signs of disrepair, and perform necessary maintenance work.

    Skills

    • Coordination

      Changing what is done based on other people's actions.

    • Time Management

      Managing your time and the time of other people.

    • Installation

      Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or computer programs.

    • Operations Monitoring

      Watching gauges, dials, or display screens to make sure a machine is working.

    • Critical Thinking

      Thinking about the pros and cons of different ways to solve a problem.

    • Active Learning

      Figuring out how to use new ideas or things.

    • Programming

      Writing computer programs.

    • Quality Control Analysis

      Testing how well a product or service works.

    • Operations Analysis

      Figuring out what a product or service needs to be able to do.

    • Science

      Using scientific rules and strategies to solve problems.

    • Operation and Control

      Using equipment or systems.

    • Troubleshooting

      Figuring out what is causing equipment, machines, wiring, or computer programs to not work.

    • Social Perceptiveness

      Understanding people's reactions.

    • Instructing

      Teaching people how to do something.

    • Technology Design

      Making equipment and technology useful for customers.

    • Complex Problem Solving

      Noticing a problem and figuring out the best way to solve it.

    • Service Orientation

      Looking for ways to help people.

    • Reading Comprehension

      Reading work-related information.

    • Equipment Maintenance

      Planning and doing the basic maintenance on equipment.

    • Systems Evaluation

      Measuring how well a system is working and how to improve it.

    • Speaking

      Talking to others.

    • Persuasion

      Talking people into changing their minds or their behavior.

    • Systems Analysis

      Figuring out how a system should work and how changes in the future will affect it.

    • Management of Personnel Resources

      Selecting and managing the best workers for a job.

    • Learning Strategies

      Using the best training or teaching strategies for learning new things.

    • Negotiation

      Bringing people together to solve differences.

    • Management of Material Resources

      Managing equipment and materials.

    • Writing

      Writing things for co-workers or customers.

    • Judgment and Decision Making

      Thinking about the pros and cons of different options and picking the best one.

    • Management of Financial Resources

      Making spending decisions and keeping track of what is spent.

    • Equipment Selection

      Deciding what kind of tools and equipment are needed to do a job.

    • Repairing

      Repairing machines or systems using the right tools.

    • Mathematics

      Using math to solve problems.

    • Monitoring

      Keeping track of how well people and/or groups are doing in order to make improvements.

    • Active Listening

      Listening to others, not interrupting, and asking good questions.

    WorkKeys®

    Applied Math
    5
    Workplace Documents
    5
    Graphic Literacy
    4

    Abilities

    • Trunk Strength

      Using your lower back and stomach.

    • Stamina

      Exercising for a long time without getting out of breath.

    • Perceptual Speed

      Quickly comparing groups of letters, numbers, pictures, or other things.

    • Auditory Attention

      Paying attention to one sound while there are other distracting sounds.

    • Oral Expression

      Communicating by speaking.

    • Rate Control

      Changing when and how fast you move based on how something else is moving.

    • Static Strength

      Lifting, pushing, pulling, or carrying.

    • Explosive Strength

      Jumping, sprinting, or throwing something.

    • Reaction Time

      Quickly moving your hand, finger, or foot based on a sound, light, picture or other command.

    • Selective Attention

      Paying attention to something without being distracted.

    • Hearing Sensitivity

      Telling the difference between sounds.

    • Depth Perception

      Deciding which thing is closer or farther away from you, or deciding how far away it is from you.

    • Deductive Reasoning

      Using rules to solve problems.

    • Information Ordering

      Ordering or arranging things.

    • Number Facility

      Adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing.

    • Gross Body Equilibrium

      Keeping your balance or staying upright.

    • Problem Sensitivity

      Noticing when problems happen.

    • Flexibility of Closure

      Seeing hidden patterns.

    • Visual Color Discrimination

      Noticing the difference between colors, including shades and brightness.

    • Oral Comprehension

      Listening and understanding what people say.

    • Written Comprehension

      Reading and understanding what is written.

    • Fluency of Ideas

      Coming up with lots of ideas.

    • Originality

      Creating new and original ideas.

    • Multilimb Coordination

      Using your arms and/or legs together while sitting, standing, or lying down.

    • Wrist-Finger Speed

      Making fast, simple, repeated movements of your fingers, hands, and wrists.

    • Mathematical Reasoning

      Choosing the right type of math to solve a problem.

    • Speech Clarity

      Speaking clearly.

    • Time Sharing

      Doing two or more things at the same time.

    • Near Vision

      Seeing details up close.

    • Glare Sensitivity

      Seeing something even if there is a glare or very bright light.

    • Speed of Closure

      Quickly knowing what you are looking at.

    • Night Vision

      Seeing at night or under low light.

    • Sound Localization

      Noticing the direction that a sound came from.

    • Extent Flexibility

      Bending, stretching, twisting, or reaching with your body, arms, and/or legs.

    • Dynamic Strength

      Exercising for a long time without your muscles getting tired.

    • Arm-Hand Steadiness

      Keeping your arm or hand steady.

    • Inductive Reasoning

      Making general rules or coming up with answers from lots of detailed information.

    • Category Flexibility

      Grouping things in different ways.

    • Memorization

      Remembering words, numbers, pictures, or steps.

    • Gross Body Coordination

      Moving your arms, legs, and mid-section together while your whole body is moving.

    • Finger Dexterity

      Putting together small parts with your fingers.

    • Far Vision

      Seeing details that are far away.

    • Written Expression

      Communicating by writing.

    • Dynamic Flexibility

      Quickly and repeatedly bending, stretching, twisting, or reaching out with your body, arms, and/or legs.

    • Speech Recognition

      Recognizing spoken words.

    • Spatial Orientation

      Knowing where things are around you.

    • Visualization

      Imagining how something will look after it is moved around or changed.

    • Speed of Limb Movement

      Quickly moving your arms and legs.

    • Manual Dexterity

      Holding or moving items with your hands.

    • Response Orientation

      Quickly deciding if you should move your hand, foot, or other body part.

    • Peripheral Vision

      Seeing something to your side when your are looking ahead.

    • Control Precision

      Quickly changing the controls of a machine, car, truck or boat.

    Knowledge

    • Building and Construction

      Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.

    • Biology

      Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.

    • Engineering and Technology

      Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.

    • Therapy and Counseling

      Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.

    • Personnel and Human Resources

      Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.

    • Telecommunications

      Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.

    • Mechanical

      Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.

    • Geography

      Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.

    • Communications and Media

      Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.

    • English Language

      Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.

    • Administration and Management

      Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.

    • Sociology and Anthropology

      Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.

    • Transportation

      Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.

    • Physics

      Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.

    • Law and Government

      Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.

    • History and Archeology

      Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.

    • Customer and Personal Service

      Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.

    • Foreign Language

      Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.

    • Medicine and Dentistry

      Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.

    • Administrative

      Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.

    • Public Safety and Security

      Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.

    • Food Production

      Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.

    • Economics and Accounting

      Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.

    • Sales and Marketing

      Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.

    • Psychology

      Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.

    • Design

      Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.

    • Philosophy and Theology

      Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.

    • Fine Arts

      Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.

    • Education and Training

      Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.

    • Chemistry

      Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.

    • Mathematics

      Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.

    • Computers and Electronics

      Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.

    • Production and Processing

      Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.

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    Pay

    • Ohio Annual Salary 63150/yr
    • Typical Salary
    • Ohio Hourly Wage 30.36/hr
    • Typical Hourly Wage

    Ohio Employment Trends

    • Currently Employed 78,230
    • Yearly Projected Openings 7950

    Typical Education

    Personality

    Enterprising: People interested in this work like activities that include leading, making decisions, and business.They do well at jobs that need:
    • Dependability
    • Integrity
    • Attention to Detail
    • Initiative
    • Leadership
    • Persistence

    Tools

    • Adjustable widemouth pliers
    • Adjustable wrenches
    • Agricultural tractors
    • Air compressors
    • Air dryers
    • Air pumps
    • Air velocity and temperature monitors
    • Alarm systems
    • Animal husbandry equipment
    • Backhoe boom or boom sections
    • Backhoes
    • Bar code reader equipment
    • Belt conveyors
    • Bench scales
    • Biological filter media
    • Blow torch
    • Broadcast spreaders
    • Cages or its accessories
    • Cargo trucks
    • Centrifugal pumps
    • Claw hammer
    • Clock timers
    • Combine harvesters
    • Commercial fishing nets
    • Commercial fishing reels
    • Composter
    • Conductivity meters
    • Container trailers
    • Cultivators
    • Desktop computers
    • Dewatering pumps
    • Dissolved oxygen meters
    • Dump trucks
    • Egg inspection or collecting equipment
    • Electronic counters
    • Fertilizer spreaders or distributors
    • Floor or platform scales
    • Flowmeters
    • Fog or mist generators
    • Forklifts
    • Gas generators
    • Global positioning system GPS receiver
    • Grease guns
    • Greenhouse irrigation equipment
    • Greenhouse pots
    • Greenhouse ventilation equipment
    • Hacksaw
    • Handheld thermometer
    • Harvesters
    • Haymaking machinery
    • Hoes
    • Hygrometers
    • Incubators or brooders for poultry
    • Irrigation overheads
    • Irrigation trickles
    • Laboratory heaters
    • Laboratory mixers
    • Ladders
    • Lawn scarifiers
    • Lawnmowers
    • Light trucks or sport utility vehicles
    • Livestock identification equipment
    • Livestock trailers
    • Lux or light meter
    • Marine hatchery equipment
    • Milking machines
    • Mowers
    • Notebook computers
    • Oil can
    • Ozone water treatment equipment
    • Personal computers
    • Pipe or tube cutter
    • Pipe wrench or stillson wrench
    • Pneumatic nail puller
    • Portable data input terminals
    • Power chippers
    • Power drills
    • Power meters
    • Power nail guns
    • Power saws
    • Protective gloves
    • Psychrometers
    • Round file
    • Saws
    • Screwdrivers
    • Secateurs or pruning shears
    • Seed drills
    • Shovels
    • Skid steer loaders
    • Snow blowers
    • Snowplow attachments
    • Soil core sampling apparatus
    • Spot welding machine
    • Sprayers
    • Squares
    • Steam autoclaves or sterilizers
    • Stereo or dissecting light microscopes
    • Tablet computers
    • Tongue and groove pliers
    • Transplanters
    • Trenching machines
    • Turbine pumps
    • Ultraviolet wastewater disinfection equipment
    • Utility knives
    • Veterinary castration instruments
    • Veterinary injection or suction unit
    • Water analyzers
    • Water filters
    • Water meters
    • Water sprinklers
    • Water trucks
    • Weeders
    • Wood chisels
    • pH meters

    Technology

    • Accounting software
    • Analytical or scientific software
    • Calendar and scheduling software
    • Cloud-based data access and sharing software
    • Data base user interface and query software
    • Electronic mail software
    • Enterprise resource planning ERP software
    • Geographic information system
    • Graphics or photo imaging software
    • Industrial control software
    • Internet browser software
    • Map creation software
    • Mobile location based services software
    • Office suite software
    • Presentation software
    • Process mapping and design software
    • Project management software
    • Spreadsheet software
    • Time accounting software
    • Web page creation and editing software
    • Word processing software

    Tags

    • InDemand occupations are considered a priority by the state of Ohio.
    • Apprenticeships are available for this occupation. These programs can help you get hands-on experience and build your skills.
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